Nitronic 50, UNS S20910, XM-19
Note that the designation “ Nitronic®” is registered trademarks of AK Steel Corporation.
Nitronic 50 also known as XM-19, which is a nitrogen-strengthened austenitic stainless steel that has properties that combine excellent strength, ductility, toughness, corrosion resistance and fabricability. The material is typically supplied in the annealed condition and offers excellent mechanical properties at both sub-zero and high temperatures, its a very versitile material. Welding is also possible by traditional methods, although note that welding will result in a loss of mechanical strength. In addition, Nitronic 50 offers excellent resistance to sulphide cracking and intergranular attack and does not become magnetic when cold worked or cooled to sub-zero temperatures.
| Material | Cr | P | S | Ni | Si | C | Mn | Mo |
|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|
| Nitronic 50 | 20.5-23.5 | 0.04 max | 0.03 max | 11.5-13.5 | 1.00 max | 0.06 max | 4.00-6.00 | 1.50-3.00 |
| Material | Tensile strength | Yield strength 0,2 | Elongation | Hardness HB30 |
|---|---|---|---|---|
| Nitronic 50 | 690 N/mm² | 379 N/mm² | 35% | 293HB |
Nitronic 50 offers excellent corrosion resistance – superior to Types 316, 316L, 317 and 317L in many media. For many applications the 1066 °C (1950 °F) annealed condition provides adequate corrosion resistance and a higher strength level. In very corrosive media or where material is to be used in the as-welded condition, the 1121 °C (2050 °F) annealed condition should be specified. Also, the resistance to cracking in boiling of Nitronic 50 material is between 304L and 316L stainless steel in boiling 42% MgCI2 solution (a very accelerated and overly aggressive media).
Nitronic 50 is not hardenable by heat treatment. It can be supplied annealed at 1066 – 1121 °C (1950 –2050°F) to provides a higher level of mechanical properties along with excellent corrosion resistance.
When it comes to heating and pickling Nitronic 50, the general guidelines for stainless steel can be followed.
Heating: Nitronic 50 is preheated before welding in the temperatures range from 200 - 400°C (392 - 752°F) to minimize the risk of thermal cracking.
Pickling: Nitronic 50 can use a mixture of nitric acid and hydrofluoric acid as the pickling solution, immersing the material in the pickling solution for a specific duration, to remove oxide scales, heat-tint, and other surface contaminants that may form during heating or welding processes.
Nitronic 50 is known for its excellent hot and cold forming characteristics and can be easily formed by a variety of processes.
Hot Forming: Typically, Nitronic 50 is heated slowly and uniformly to the temperature range from 1100 to 1200°C (2012 to 2192°F) to minimize the risk of thermal stresses and distortion. Then, hot formed the material by processes such as forging, hot rolling, and hot extrusion. In most applications, Nitronic 50 stainless steel does not require post-forming heat treatment, but in certain cases where stress relief is needed, a solution annealing treatment may be performed after hot forming.
Cold Forming: Nitronic 50 also can easily cold formed by bending, drawing, and deep drawing. It has a high ductility, allowing for significant deformation without a substantial loss of material properties. But excessive cold working, especially in heavily cold-reduced sections, can lead to increased hardness and reduced ductility.
Nitronic 50 has machining characteristics similar to other austenitic stainless steels. Compared to type 304 and 316, Nitronic 50 stainless steel more susceptible to cold work hardening and provides higher strength. It is suggested that more powerful, robust and rigid tooling to hold when machining, to prevent tools from sliding over the material. Also, coated carbides tooling is considered when machining to ralize higher cutting rates. Nitronic 50 material can produces a good surface finish.
Like most stainless steels, Nitronic 50 is readily welded using conventional welding methods such as arc welding processes, good weld joint properties can be obtained without the necessity of preheat or postweld annealing. When matching weld filler is required, NITRONIC 50 AWS E/ER 209 is the first choice, in which a small percentage of magnetic ferrite phase has been introduced to as sure sound weld deposits. If the strength levels or superior corrosion resistance in the weld deposits are not required, other filler metals also can be used to reducing costs.
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