310MoLN, UNS S31050, W.Nr. 1.4466
310MoLN is a high-alloy austenitic stainless steel with nitrogen, it helps to stabilize and strengthen the austenitic phase, and does not have intermetallic phases such as intergranular carbide precipitations. The material has excellent resistance to corrosion in ammonium carbamate and nitric acid, including intergranular corrosion, pitting and crevice corrosion. Also, 310MoLN offers good weldability with a fairly high embodied energy and a fairly low ductility, widely used in applications that require excellent strength, oxidation resistance, and resistance to chloride-induced stress corrosion cracking.
| Material | Cr | P | S | Ni | Si | C | Mn | Mo |
|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|
| 310MoLN | 24.0-26.0 | 0.025 max | 0.01 max | 21.0-23.0 | 0.70 max | 0.02 max | 2.00 max | 2.00-2.50 |
| Material | Tensile strength | Yield strength 0,2 | Elongation | Hardness HB30 |
|---|---|---|---|---|
| 310MoLN | 540-740 N/mm² | 250 N/mm² | 40% | 95HB |
310MoLN was originally developed for stripper tubes used in the production of urea, it has excellent general corrosion resistance in urea/carbamate solutions at high pressures and temperatures, and high resistant to inorganic acids. In addition, 310MoLN is also highly resistant to intergranular corrosion after welding, pitting and crevice corrosion. Compared to the conventional austenitic stainless steels of type 304 and 316, the 310MoLN with higher nickel content makes its slightly more resistant to stress corrosion cracking in in chloride- bearing solutions at temperatures exceeding about 60°C (140°F).
310MoLN is typically heat treated to enhance its mechanical properties and achieve the desired microstructure. Solution treatment or annealing can be done by rapid cooling after heating to around 1050-1150°C (1922-2102°F).
Heating and pickling are common processes used for 310MoLN stainless steel to remove surface scale, oxide layers, and other contaminants. First, 310MoLN is heated at a certain temperature range to eliminate organic materials and facilitate the pickling process. Then, it undergoes pickling by immersing it in an acid solution, typically a mixture of nitric acid and hydrofluoric acid , to dissolve and remove scale and oxides. After pickling, thorough rinsing with water is performed to remove residual acid. Passivation, an optional step, may follow to enhance corrosion resistance.
310MoLN stainless steel can be both hot and cold formed. It is important to consider the material's high strength and work-hardening characteristics during the forming processes. The recommended temperature range for hot forming of 310MoLN is typically between 1150-1260°C (2102-2300°F), this temperature range allows for better plasticity and reduces the risk of cracking during forming operations. However, cold forming is performed at room temperature and involves processes like bending, drawing, or stamping. Cold forming causes the material to work harden, and 310MoLN can work-harden more rapidly than standard austenitic stainless steels due to its high alloy content. Frequent annealing or intermediate heat treatments may be necessary during complex cold forming operations to restore the material's ductility.
Although machinable, the high alloy content and work-hardening characteristics of 310MoLN stainless steel makes machining difficult compared to standard austenitic stainless steels. During machining, cuttting tools preferably with high-speed steel or carbide inserts, to avoid dull edges cause excess work hardening.
310MoLN is good weldability, must be carried out without preheating, and normally there is no need for any subsequent heat treatment. 310MoLN has low thermal conductivity and high thermal expansion.
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